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1.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 67(3): 193-200, jul.-set. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041143

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction: Different developmental and environmental vulnerability conditions can influence violent behavior in young people. Objectives: To describe the characteristics of young males who were convicted of murder or attempted murder in the province of Buenos Aires, based on indicators of maturity, impulsivity, and socio-family vulnerability. Materials and Methods: Descriptive and exploratory study. The sample consisted of 195 young men (mean: 16.8 years) imprisoned in reformatory institutions of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, as they were convicted of murder (n=130), repeated murder (n=15), or attempted murder (n=50). Self and hetero-informed instruments, and professional assessment scales were used, namely: the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale (CFC); the Psychosocial Maturity Inventory (PSM); the Weinberg Adjustment Inventory (WAI); the Resistance to Peer Influence Questionnaire (RPIQ); the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV); the Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits (ICU), and the Barrat Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS-11). Results: The distribution of the total BIS 11 and the PSM Individual Adaptation were normal (mean: 62.33 and 6.38, respectively). The mean of the total PCL:YV was 25.87. In 32.8% of the cases a first degree relative was also imprisoned. "Impulsive" and "Non-impulsive" clusters were empirically established. Conclusions: The participants' profile is characterized by several psychological and socio-family vulnerabilities that should be targeted in preventive interventions aimed at preventing violent recidivism.


Resumen Introducción. Diversas condiciones de vulnerabilidad dependientes del desarrollo y de las influencias medioambientales pueden influir en las conductas violentas juveniles. Objetivos. Describir las características de jóvenes que cometieron homicidio o intento de homicidio atendiendo a indicadores de madurez, impulsividad y vulnerabilidad sociofamiliar. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de diseño descriptivo y exploratorio. Los participantes fueron 195 varones jóvenes (media: 16.8 años) institucionalizados en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, por orden judicial por haber cometido homicidio (n=130), homicidio reiterado (n=15) o tentativa de homicidio (n=50). Se utilizaron instrumentos auto y heteroinformados y las escalas de evaluación profesional Consideration of Future Consequences Scale (CFC), Psychosocial Maturity Inventory (PSM), Weinberg Adjustment Inventory (WAI), Resistance to Peer Influence (RPI), Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV), Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits (ICU) y Barrat Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS 11). Resultados. La distribución de BIS 11 total y de PSM Adecuación Individual fueron normales, con medias de 62.33 y 6.38, respectivamente; la media de PCL: YV total fue 25.87. El 32.8% de los jóvenes tenía familiares de primer grado presos. Se configuraron empíricamente los clusters "impulsivo" y "no impulsivo". Conclusiones. El perfil de los participantes se caracteriza por diversas vulnerabilidades psicológicas y sociofamiliares que deberían ser blanco de intervención preventiva de recidiva violenta.

2.
Vertex rev. argent. psiquiatr ; 20(83): 16-23, ene.-feb. 2009. graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-540197

RESUMO

La violencia, en sus diferentes formas, constituye un problema social que convoca a enfoques multidisciplinarios en acciones tendientes a su prevención. Entre los conocimientos necesarios para orientar a las políticas preventivas se destacan los factores de riesgo y los factores protectores de las conductas violentas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo contribuir, desde la perspectiva psiquiátrica, a la exploración de factores influyentes en las conductas homicida de adolescentes. Se estudió un grupo de casos (n = 15) de jóvenes homicidas y un grupo control (n = 35) de menores que cometieron otros tipos de delitos (robo simple o calificado o violación), todos ellos jóvenes institucionalizados por orden judicial en la ciudad de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. En ambos grupos se evaluaron características sociodemográficas, criminológicas y psicosociales a través de cuestionario ad hoc, así como variables clínico-psiquiátricas por medio del MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que los múltiples factores estudiados no se asociaron significativamente con la condición de ser joven homicida. Los hallazgos orientan a sostener que, en esta población de jóvenes vulnerables, la conducta homicida depende más de las circunstancias que de peculiaridades personales. Los autores sugieren que las acciones preventivas en adolescentes con estos factores de riesgo podrían tener efecto tanto en las conductas delictivas en general, como en la conducta homicida en particular.


The violence in its different forms, is a social problem that calls for multidisciplinary approaches in actions aimed at prevention. Among the skills needed to guide preventive policies, the highlights are risk and protective factors for violent behavior. This study aims to contribute, from the psychiatric perspective, in exploring factors influencing the behavior of homicidal adolescents. We studied a group of cases (n = 15) of young killers and a control group (n = 35) of juveniles who committed other crimes (simple or qualified theft or rape), all of them institutionalized by court order in La Plata city, Buenos Aires, Argentina. In both groups were evaluated sociodemographic, criminological and psychosocial characteristics through ad hoc questionnaire, as well as psychiatric clinical variables through the MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The results showed that the multiple factors studied were not significantly associated with the condition of being young murderer.The findings aim to sustain that, in this vulnerable population of youth, homicidal behavior depends more on the circumstances than of personal peculiarities. The authors suggest that preventive actions in adolescents with these risk factors could have an effect on criminal behavior in general, as in homicidal behavior in particular.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Delinquência Juvenil/legislação & jurisprudência , Delinquência Juvenil/prevenção & controle , Homicídio/legislação & jurisprudência , Homicídio/prevenção & controle , Argentina , Fatores de Risco , Psiquiatria do Adolescente
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